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EFFECTS OF STRESS.   Term Paper ID:21213 Click to get this paper Essay Subject: Physical, behavioral & psychological consequences. Theory, personality types, individual susceptibility, in workplace.... More... 7 Pages / 1575 Words 14 sources, 18 Citations, APA Format $28.00 Return to List of Papers Paper Abstract: Physical, behavioral & psychological consequences. Theory, personality types, individual susceptibility, in workplace. Paper Introduction: Introduction According to Sue, Sue and Sue (1994), millions of Americans suffer physical, behavioral and psychological consequences of stress. This paper delineates and discusses the effects of stress. Further, the paper provides a report on stress in the workplace and examines research as to why stress can have a stronger impact on some individuals than on others. Effects of Stress Graves and Lancaster (1994) have noted that there are a number of physical effects associated with stress. These effects include: elevated blood pressure (which, over time, can lead to hypertension and heart arrhythmias); increased muscle tension; elevated pulse and respiration; sweaty hands; headaches; upset stomach; high-pitched voice; dry throat and mouth; sleep Text of the Paper: The entire text of the paper is shown below. However, the text is somewhat scrambled. We want to give you as much information as we possibly can about our papers and essays, but we cannot give them away for free. In the text below you will find that while disordered, many of the phrases are essentially intact. From this text you will be able to get a solid sense of the writing style, the concepts addressed, and the sources used in the research paper. a report on stress in the workplace and examines research effects associated with stress These effects include elevatedblood pressure which Further stress canoperate to depress the immune system causing was developed from observation of the psychologicalconsequences psychologicalreaction a reaction which is not necessarily and anger Most people experiencing the stage reaction which is anintensification of the feelings associated with number of general psychologicalreactions regardless of feelingsof worthlessness Graves and Lancaster further report that attention to detail preoccupation e g day stress have been found to varygreatly from experience debilitationof both morale and job Timm and Peterson report that some peopleare more stress-prone than than people with Type B example Pollock states that the degree to which different individualsexperience is expected to use judgement challenge Pollock p Pollock cites hardiness as the pivotal personality stress is thereactive type Unlike the person with situation brings Forexample if other members of the typesare people who tend to blame they may attempt to escape by using drugs oralcohol differences in how onereacts to on-the-job stress is the magnitude stress than will someone whose personal life does not containa more prone to suffer negatively from jobstress if their spouse workplace home with them Studies of the development of hypertension than are whites Treiber andassociates And Dos Santos and Viteri found that among blacks with highpsychosocial resources people than in older people tends to occur moreoften in other hand Eisenberg reports that the often withjobs involving heavy manual labor and is only to the same stressors do not First according of arthritis while another without this conflictwill theeffects of stress This perspective has been supported Sue holds that through the processes of classical and and told that it is related to why some peopleare more vulnerable to more vulnerable to the physicaleffects of stress Mexico International Journal of Mental Health Donnelly G M Ulcers NY Random House Graves P Lancaster J Stress three Couples working together The Wall Street Psychosomatic Medicine Mrazek D A Advances in Nursing Science Stavig G R Igra A Timm P R Peterson B D People at work Human hypertension and patterns of hemodynamic reactivity in boys psychological consequences of stress This paperdelineates and Stress Graves and Lancaster have noted respiration sweaty hands headaches upset stomach high-pitched voice dry throat La Fuente states that people react to stress psychological reaction to stress is one ofdisorientation reaction isassociated with a wide variety back in order However some will go and Lancaster expand the list of hostile and assaultivebehavior a tendency to Behavioral effects are said toinclude poor and accident-proneness Differential Impact of Stress on Workers In workers continue to perform well and to maintain their on workers Many of the factors believed to personality described as impatient competitive aggressive individuals who havedifficulty relaxing personality characteristics have also been associated withdifferential hardiness characteristic The hardy person is said to be commitment and to perceive change as negative consequences However Donnelly feels that isnothing anyone can do about it Reactive it withouttaking any steps to correct and over-conscientiousness can lead them finally stress-related diseases such as colitis going on ina worker's personal life he or she to the same stressor has increase their levels of stressbecause they example blacks have been found to are indications that social factors can overrideracial effects at least white difference in hypertension Specifically the authors found significantly higher ulcers According toEisenberg the condition and occurs more often to people than in younger people usually occurs inlower rather several theorists have attemptedto explain why if due toearly trauma an while others do not due to biogeneticpredisposition which causes to produce children who have the condition The behavioral perspective other For example if people have learned to greatly fear the stress literature First the paper examinedresearch related to responsible for its differentialeffects in the workplace Also in this NY McGraw-Hill De La Fuente R F E Blood pressure ethnicity and practice for promoting health P Speicher C E Chronic stress and Reports Books Pollock S E The California Public Health Report Sue D Sue D Sue F Musante L Rhodes T Davis H Strong Introduction According to Sue Sue and Sue as towhy stress can have a stronger impact on some over time can lead to hypertension and heartarrhythmias increased people to be more susceptibleto illness and disease Kiecolt-Glaser occurring among a large sample of survivors of the experienced by all as somepeople adjust second stage psychological consequencesof stress will slowly begin the second stage reactionand which in the stage model These general stress hasdebilitative effects on behavior dreaming or spacing-out reduced creativity increased smoking and worker to worker For example performance under relatively mild conditions ofstress Researchers have attempted to others because of their personality type Specifically personality described as more mild-mannered negative effects from the same and make good decisions control to factor in thedegree to which one adjusts to stress the hardy characteristic thereactive person is one who organization plan poorly necessitatingthat the reactive type themselves for everything that goes wrong Some will develop eating disorders They can also develop asense and frequency of changes inthe worker's great deal of change Davis One external or non-personal works at the same business According to Gupta of stress-related illnesses suggest thatdemographic factors may mediate the degree Asian Americans have lower rates of hypertensionthan the availability ofsocial and psychological resources e g community Demographic factors have also been found to be associated withwhether members of higher social classes than in members of lower gastric ulcershows a different demographic slightly more common inmales than in to theauthors there is the psychodynamic perspective which relates each not The biological perspective on the by some researchsuch as Mrazek's finding that parents with asthma operant conditioning some people are made more vulnerable to anallergin they will develop an allergic stress than others was examined This section ofthe than are others were briefly explicated ReferencesDavis F Why you just can't take it anymore management and crisis intervention In M Stanhope and Journal February p B Kiecolt-Glaser J K Glaser R Asthma Stress allergies and the genes In D Leonard A R Hypertension and related health issues among relations in organizations St Paul West Psychosomatic Medicine discusses the effects of stress Further the paperprovides that there are a number ofphysical andmouth sleep disturbance and appetite disturbance in three stages De La Fuente's threestage model confusing and bewilderment The second stage of negative reactions These include panic weeping hysteria dissociation guilt on to experience the third the psychologicalconsequences of stress to include a blame others anxiousness suspicion and judgement the tendency to make mistakes forgetfulness diminished the work-setting the effects of moraleunder very stressful conditions while other workers contribute to differences arepersonal For example tend to experience more severe physical consequencesof stress experiences of stress and its consequences For an individual who recognizes that he ultimately beneficial to personality development thepersonality type most likely to suffer negatively from individuals simply takes what the the situation some other way Reactive to increasingly behave in an irrational oraggressive manner Or or hypertension Another personal factor that can make for will be more vulnerable to the effectsof on-the-job been discussed by Gupta Gupta states that some workers are bring the tension of the be more susceptible tothe stress-related illness for some stress-related illnesses In this regard Dressler blood pressure amongblacks with low psychosocial resources than they did of duodenal ulcer is found morefrequently in young withintellectually demanding jobs On the than higher social classes is associated most some individuals develop stress-related illnesses whilethose exposed individual exhibits hostile impulses he will develop thestress-related disorder a somatic weakness or vulnerability to according to Sue Sue and their allergies theauthors report that when exposed to a placebo establishing the physical psychological andbehavioral effects of stress Second research section of the paper theoreticalperspectives for why some people are The mental health consequences of the earthquakes in and psychosocial resources Psychosomatic Medicine Eisenberg M St Louis Mosby-Yearbook Gupta U And business makes immune function in family care-givers of Alzheimer's disease victims hardiness characteristic A motivating factor in adaptation S Understanding abnormal behavior th ed Boston Houghton-Mifflin W B Levy M Ethnicity family history of millions of Americans sufferphysical behavioral and individuals than on others Effects of muscle tension elevated pulse and associates Regarding the psychological effects of stress De earthquake in Mexico City The first stage relatively well following the first stage to readjust and get their lives some will lead to the development of post-traumatic stressdisorder Graves reactions include emotional outbursts irritability depression and that these effects can seriouslydepress performance in the workplace or alcohol usage increased absenteeism lethargy Sue Sue and Sue reportthat some discover factors that contribute tovariance in the impact of stress the authors report that people with Type A in less of a hurry and less competitive Other stressor is associated with whatis termed the become actively involved with others in various activities of life and thereby reduces the likelihood ofsuffering believes that stress is inevitable and there work over-time he or she will simply do As reactive individuals get older their self-blame of chronic fatigue irritability depression feelings of inadequacy and personal life If there is a great deal of change factor that can cause workers to reactdifferentially couples who work at the same business to which stressors lead to theseconditions For the general population Stavig Igra Leonard However there clinics social supportnetworks etc modified the black one develops the stress-related condition of classes almost always occurs in males pattern This condition is found morefrequently in older people females Sue Sue and Sue state that disorderto unresolved early childhood conflicts or traumas For example other hand holds that some peopledevelop stress-related conditions are more likelythan other parents the effects of stress than reaction Summary This paper examined paper emphasized stress and factors K Human behavior at work Organizational behavior rd ed RN Dressler W W Dos Santos J E Viteri J Lancaster eds Community health nursing Process Dyer C Shuttleworth E C Ogrocki Goleman J Gurin eds Mind body medicine pp NY Consumer Asian and Pacific Islanders in Publishing Treiber F A McCaffrey a report on stress in the workplace and examines research effects associated with stress These effects include elevatedblood pressure which Further stress canoperate to depress the immune system causing was developed from observation of the psychologicalconsequences psychologicalreaction a reaction which is not necessarily and anger Most people experiencing the stage reaction which is anintensification of the feelings associated with number of general psychologicalreactions regardless of feelingsof worthlessness Graves and Lancaster further report that attention to detail preoccupation e g day stress have been found to varygreatly from experience debilitationof both morale and job Timm and Peterson report that some peopleare more stress-prone than than people with Type B example Pollock states that the degree to which different individualsexperience is expected to use judgement challenge Pollock p Pollock cites hardiness as the pivotal personality stress is thereactive type Unlike the person with situation brings Forexample if other members of the typesare people who tend to blame they may attempt to escape by using drugs oralcohol differences in how onereacts to on-the-job stress is the magnitude stress than will someone whose personal life does not containa more prone to suffer negatively from jobstress if their spouse workplace home with them Studies of the development of hypertension than are whites Treiber andassociates And Dos Santos and Viteri found that among blacks with highpsychosocial resources people than in older people tends to occur moreoften in other hand Eisenberg reports that the often withjobs involving heavy manual labor and is only to the same stressors do not First according of arthritis while another without this conflictwill theeffects of stress This perspective has been supported Sue holds that through the processes of classical and and told that it is related to why some peopleare more vulnerable to more vulnerable to the physicaleffects of stress Mexico International Journal of Mental Health Donnelly G M Ulcers NY Random House Graves P Lancaster J Stress three Couples working together The Wall Street Psychosomatic Medicine Mrazek D A Advances in Nursing Science Stavig G R Igra A Timm P R Peterson B D People at work Human hypertension and patterns of hemodynamic reactivity in boys psychological consequences of stress This paperdelineates and Stress Graves and Lancaster have noted respiration sweaty hands headaches upset stomach high-pitched voice dry throat La Fuente states that people react to stress psychological reaction to stress is one ofdisorientation reaction isassociated with a wide variety back in order However some will go and Lancaster expand the list of hostile and assaultivebehavior a tendency to Behavioral effects are said toinclude poor and accident-proneness Differential Impact of Stress on Workers In workers continue to perform well and to maintain their on workers Many of the factors believed to personality described as impatient competitive aggressive individuals who havedifficulty relaxing personality characteristics have also been associated withdifferential hardiness characteristic The hardy person is said to be commitment and to perceive change as negative consequences However Donnelly feels that isnothing anyone can do about it Reactive it withouttaking any steps to correct and over-conscientiousness can lead them finally stress-related diseases such as colitis going on ina worker's personal life he or she to the same stressor has increase their levels of stressbecause they example blacks have been found to are indications that social factors can overrideracial effects at least white difference in hypertension Specifically the authors found significantly higher ulcers According toEisenberg the condition and occurs more often to people than in younger people usually occurs inlower rather several theorists have attemptedto explain why if due toearly trauma an while others do not due to biogeneticpredisposition which causes to produce children who have the condition The behavioral perspective other For example if people have learned to greatly fear the stress literature First the paper examinedresearch related to responsible for its differentialeffects in the workplace Also in this NY McGraw-Hill De La Fuente R F E Blood pressure ethnicity and practice for promoting health P Speicher C E Chronic stress and Reports Books Pollock S E The California Public Health Report Sue D Sue D Sue F Musante L Rhodes T Davis H Strong If this paper is not what you are looking for, you can search again: Search for: or Click here to request an essay written just for you.