Search for:

FEMALES IN SPORTS.   Term Paper ID:26830 Click to get this paper Essay Subject: Examines the influence of social norms on female participation in sports. Self-image, public mores, compared to males, laws, social value of sports, socioeconomics.... More... 16 Pages / 3600 Words 36 sources, 49 Citations, APA Format $64.00 Return to List of Papers Paper Abstract: Examines the influence of social norms on female participation in sports. Self-image, public mores, compared to males, laws, social value of sports, socioeconomics. Paper Introduction: Introduction This research will examine the influence of social norms on the participation of females in athletic activity. The research will examine studies showing how strongly social expectations and socially determined sex roles limit participation of adolescent and adult females in physical activity, and then discuss ways in which cultural pressures are reflected in female-student behavior in elementary school physical-education classes and school-recess activities. Based on this research and on observations of behavior at an elementary school, this study will suggest possible changes in the physical education curriculum that can encourage activity for girls and help them connect it to positive social experience. A 1997 government report on research into female Text of the Paper: The entire text of the paper is shown below. However, the text is somewhat scrambled. We want to give you as much information as we possibly can about our papers and essays, but we cannot give them away for free. In the text below you will find that while disordered, many of the phrases are essentially intact. From this text you will be able to get a solid sense of the writing style, the concepts addressed, and the sources used in the research paper. limit participation of adolescent and adult females in physicalactivity will suggest possible changesin the physical activity could decrease the risk ofadult obesity coronary heart disease sports statistics show that many that females drop out of sportsactivities as are not active back into a programof more healthy exercise in the background of understanding the phenomenon Review of in physical activity and who are should be encouraged to do of boys and girls from age to age girls aged through years reported or more the exception of of to year-old girls reporting this about of the eating-disordered population Eating Both obesity andeating physical beauty and maintainingan ideal thin shape as identified by images The role that society plays in shaping these images thinness is consideredessential to beauty especially for healthy in general and itis best thiscan be traced to the and into girls' and boys' playing However it has been pointed out that facilities Through the s controversy surrounded sports by Mrs Herbert Hoover opposed women's Olympic competition and interscholastic anessential part' of a boy's education school Brown The Women's Division condemned young women's sportscompetition and Morality for women and girls was also equated with particularly in mass media has beenthat the ideas aboutfemininity were always an because of girls' negative attitudes about accurate it influences some girls not to participate inphysical of thecrowd This will create deeper interest in to say that competitiveevents make contests awarding prizes and stimulating the activity The social value connected not have social approval This wasdifferent from menwere encouraged to be interested in them thisadvice was not taken On the other hand Henderson and by society It only pushed girls' equal sportsfunding for girls and boys But as of At the college level women athletes receive only the society values their participation it does not valuetheir and females aresupposed to behave The discover that stereotypic femininity requiresdelicate restrained movements may engage inactivities coded for girls choose sports that appear agroup females do not receive encouragement and benefit Purpura believes that this is an important part of the larger competitive no social value placed on participation as Competition is something boys do Boys whoreceive encouragement and adult females to the roles and attitudes on whether they are physicallyactive Bordo describes women's eating disorders as exercise wheregirls are concerned In either individual to other people Henderson mature sexually developed andpotentially reproductive is muchmore common among girls than boys It seems decision to take on anorexic or bulimic eating habits a negative impact on the individual's heart one disorder and somechoose another to achieve the and choice than their mothers or grandmothers asliberated self-determined individuals the most may not do sports if they are girls doexactly the same thing Insecurity about a social anddevelopmental Bermuda Triangle Pipher p in exercise classes on weight stronger among racial minorities Bunker Thus they are more likely to develop cardiovascular diseases gender stereotypessuch as tomboyism But if physical activity as young as five and six limits to where and when they canexercise Fears for for it can understand why a female would not want who would expose herself to judgment Thusavoiding that criticism or thesensible group they may have to be less in theearliest childhood years is in soccer hockey and karate for boys Bunker that offendsothers especially boys Bunker Others This same of physicalactivity The gender stereotyping that have movement literacy or minimal competency though bodies can become accustomed to newphysical demands social physically active are at a crisispoint and they are being pulledin opposite directions by that girls and young women behave inways own self-interestbecause of the negative consequences to their good beencouraged to participate in healthy physical for girls who participate and then it is possible to are in a high-risk situation for theirphysical well-being if be even more powerful in discouraginggood exercise The history of are shaped in childhood and which become firmin for the same reasons as they which society approves But the thefact that women are doing for girlsand for boys and it would start support can be nurtured during childhood in E Crespo C J Bartlett S J Cheskin L J the American Medical Association Bartky S Foucault Berkeley University of California Press Brown dimensions from aninterdisciplinary approach Washington D F A Athletic games in the education ofwomen andFitness Flores R March-April Dance experience of aerobic exercise classes for youngwomen JAMA The Journal of theAmerican Medical Association Harrison K Fall A Winn S August Females and Lenskyi H December Femininity first Sport and dance Dubuque IA W C Brown Powell K E Thompson P D Caspersen Rhea D J May Physical activity wellness for young women The imageparadox Recreation Canada Spears B the lives ofgirls MPLS-St Paul Magazine Troiano R P Flegal of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine Weller Mrs Women's leisure An exploratory studyof fear of violence as a activity The research will examinestudies activities Based on this research and on positive social experience A government report on in physical educationand children's health urge young people of both intoadulthood An important part of that It is important tounderstand the reasons behind the decrease in modern world seems to bestarting with children at a weight Andersen Others p The main risk lifestyles including watchingtelevision instead of exercising is the In other words the girls are get furtherinto their teens their level of physical activity girls reported or less bouts vigorous activity per week Andersen Others p On the other adolescent females are generally more negativeabout their too tall too fat too successful women as the thinnest which foster physical activity plus a sensiblediet necessarily have thesame kind of social themodern culture They are at fact that no demands had been girls to wear uncomfortable clothing that was less womanly Throughout the s which gave awards for Best Posture Brown Throughout encouraged for women and girls at this stress the educational value of the and even the shape of women Olympic Gameswas one in which social status in the mindsof the girls themselves Many of make girls moremasculine and that athletic girls especially successful athletes goes into great detail on the need for women'ssports programs the development of a good standard of athletics physical activity conflicted with the idea such a value could not women in the early decades of the century wereactively discouraged gentler activities a reference to how rough boys' female nurturance cooperation intuition Thus pursuing gentler activities societythat wanted them to adopt those values As do for boys In community sports that the culture doesnot seem to value females' participation on females in sports Genderroles in society Bartky p that can be quite Activities such assports that require more vigorous movements and greater and the sense of identity that these norms mayfoster are tennis figure skating and dance Winn They receive encouragement for being cooperativeand expressive even though active as children The idea that sports is mainly physical activity They get nosocial benefit from participating in it is expected The social value rewards for successfulcompetitiveness A growing amount of research has in society this can have seems just as possiblefor those What is very important to girls However Bordo refers to gender associations p of the culture that places high value on beautyand that does activity is animportant way of not getting much weight and failure to takepart in that make a connection between thesetwo extremes or that successfully they fit with feminine appearance stereotypes Researchinto get and stay thin One study Shaw found that when the main benefit ofphysical Henderson Winn Adolescentgirls whose bodies their body image When that on ethnic background and low-income groups show likely to be fat as white some minority groups do not toleratebehavior such as One study saw significant fat and high blood Another social block to women's lack of participation in physicalactivity Shaw Henderson Winn Anybody who but also social That is because the criticism is aimed anyviolence would be her fault about what they do and where begin in early childhood Thelearning of proper social with dolls picking flowers dressing up skipping and dancing girls are notsupposed to be even more important to girls at a diet are important to adult heart disease According to of moving around even when their good health demandsthat self-esteemsuffers all over again further discouraging healthy they should behave are also at acrisis point plus research into the effects of failing to participate consistent withthis research because the observations show that the behavior be possible tochange the social cues that females respond is because the school setting is aplace where tendency of girls and young bloodpressure and heart disease There be seen as living and behaving in the world opinion of certainbehavior patterns and certain activities that are socially in particular are not considered may also fail the test of and fitnessprocedures then it may be a perfect world society would stopsending mixed theirfailures to measure up to a standard comfort and security in societycan of fatness among children Results from Diamond L Quinby Eds Boston Northeastern University Press Bordo C Sabo D Wiese-Bjornstal D Physical activity M Sawtelle L Report ofthe committee on recommendations regarding inter of power in televisedwomen's sports Sociology of Sport Shaw S M Body image M Zybert P September Blood pressure fitness M D March Inclusive physicalactivity NJ Prentice-Hall Kane M J Snyder bounds Women sport and sexuality Toronto Women's Press Metheny M B Reviving Ophelia Saving the selves heart disease Annual Review of Public Health Purpura through sport British Journal of New York Leisure Press Steiner A July children and adolescents The National Health and Digest Whitehead B D January The girls of gen in feministphilosophy and social theory Bloomington IN Indiana Introduction This research will examine the and then discuss ways in which cultural pressures are reflectedin education curriculum that can encourage activity for and osteoporosis and increase mentalhealth and children and adolescentsare overweight and inactive they enter adolescence adulthood may be social Another factor of importance where this issue isconcerned is Literature About million Americans are estimated to not overweightgenerally have less heart disease Powell Others The vigorous activity Troiano Others However obesity is increasing have showedthat as a group girls bouts of vigorous activity per week level of inactivity Further analyses data not shown revealed that disorders which can have negative health effects have media and societal images Rhea p In general worried is extremelyimportant However that role can women Harrison p Therefore there is a social pressure on to start this kind of program in early mixed messages of the culture regarding physicalactivity for females These habitsconcluded that girls were not as interested in sports wereoften never open to girls for girls Supportersand coaches of women's sports sports for girls The Women's Division supported after school replacedgirls' interschool athletics with intramural play days said that all women's intercollegiate and interscholasticathletics should femininity as asocial value Lenskyi Even though sport femininity of women athletes is in doubt According to issue This created problems not only in thedifferences being physically active ona regular basis Many activity A manual for school sports programs games and lessens theskepticism with which men regard competition displaceall other functions Dudley Kellor to women's sports was connected to thesocial image of the values connected to men's According to Henderson andBialeschki one expert Winn makereference to research Orenstein showing that sports into the background becausethe values most high schools don't offer the same athletic a third of all athletic scholarships Steiner p taking on a competitive attitude That result is to discourage girls from physicalactivity Girls learn a e g crossing the legs folding the other sex the social norms to be moregender-appropriate cooperative aesthetically pleasing expressive graceful support from adults fortheir participation in physical activities is why so manygirls drop out of physical socialpicture Thus it should not be surprising if females who such Why Becauseparticipation is something girls do for being aggressive and competitive that societyassociates with being female If adolescent and adult efforts toward making their bodiesfit the ideal case what is happening is and Winn describe a number of studies that show how women p This translates into a fear to play a role in Aninteresting area of research study would be the connection between health and bothdisorders are connected with female adolescent insecurities However same result ideal beauty According toBunker Others adolescent Whitehead p shows thattheir number one wish is self-conscious because they do not look good in exercise personal appearance increasesduring adolescence and teenage girls seem to be Girls stop beingenergetic tomboys and start being retiring as loss and personal appearance thenself-consciousness becomes even Others Obesity is more prevalent among African Americans andHispanics of Bunker others Flores Meanwhile Bunker Others is limited and fat or bodymass index years old Gutin Others However this study found that the personal safety can prevent females from exercisingalone to expose herselfto physical dangers thatthreat by exercising all alone avoiding all the worry about violence meansavoiding the physical physically active An important element of the social pressures the background of these pressures Veryyoung children four years old A study of grade-school children found that study describedsocial isolation of girls identified in school as tomboys starts in young childhood is just asimportant to in accomplishingcertain moves may find it very hard to reform pressure comes up again because of the But girls and women who do not fit into their need for health and their need for socialacceptance Methods that respond to social cues and pressures health If the goodhealth of the activity Therefore changesin the physical education curriculum may be an who are willing to participate inphysical predictthat as these people mature into they do not exercise properly However there isalso society's response to physically active adolescence may not be good for the women themselves are consideredsuitable for men Ironically however women mandate isclear If women can be so In a perfect world society will rewarding females for the achievements insports aphysical education curriculum designed for that purpose Pratt M March Relationship of physical activity and television femininity and the modernization ofpatriarchal power Feminism C May June Taking the track American History Bunker C U S Department of Healthand Human New York H Holt and Company Duncan for health improving fitness inAfrican American and Hispanic adolescents Public Leisure Sciences Gutin B Basch Does interpersonal attraction to thin mediapersonalities promote eating disorders Journal physicalactivity Parks Recreation Henley N M Body physicaleducation for Ontario girls Canadian Journal of Orenstein P Schoolgirls New York Doubleday Pinkowish C J and Kendrick J S Physical activity and body image of femaleadolescents Journal of Physical Education Recreation Women in the Olympics An unresolved problem ModernOlympics P J K M Kuczmarski R J Campbell S M Johnson C F Life for girls The Playground Wells C Physical leisure constraint Journal of Applied RecreationResearch Young I M Throwing showing how strongly social expectations and socially determinedsex roles observations ofbehavior at an elementary school this study research into female participation insports concluded that regular physical sexes to get exercise andparticipate in problem is the declining physicalactivity of adolescent women Reasons females' physical activitybecause of the need to bring those who very young age Thus there is a sense ofurgency of not exercising is heart disease and adults who engage reason that experts say adolescentgirls not taking good medical or exerciseadvice Recent studies may decline Oneimportant study reported O nly of of vigorous activity per week with hand female adolescents and young adults make up bodies and are concerned with something intheir failing to match ideal and reinforce a social climate in which is the best way of keeping thin and staying approval as dieting or thinness or beauty Partly least as old as the twentieth century Research in made for organizedactivities for girls not suitedto physical activity Henderson Bialeschki the Women's Division of theNational Amateur Athletic Foundation headed the s when competitive sports was hailed as time onlyif it was compatible with social morality Henderson Bialeschki game in mind rather thanwinning Burchenal Others p Riordan p themodern western view of women in sport and politics as well as Western these problems can be seen in the s aswell willbecome lesbians Lenskyj Bunker Others Even though thisopinion is not to start their events on time and control discipline Dudley Kellor p Yet this very same manual goes on of girlsactually deriving some personal payoff from befound then women's athletics did from being interested in scores and skills while sports could be Of course did not make sports for girlsvalued of Title IX of the Civil Rights Act mandated girls' teams battle boys' for rink pool and arena time in sports or female values insports Or if create expectations about how males different from that ofboys early on girls use of space areoften socially coded as masculine Although children a powerful influence Bunker Others p The report continues that Bunker Others p Duncan Hasbrook Kane Snyder Metheny Young As this encouragement does not translate intoincreased social for boys butnot for girls Meanwhile it is obvious thatthere is of sports lies incompeting and winning Why connected the physical activity ofadolescent an impact notonly on unhealthy eating habits but also efforts to take the form of and women is body image or theappearance of an internalized by girlswith anorexia who fear growing up to be not value age fatness or matronliness This fear fat It also seems to play a role in thegirls' physical activity which can lead to obesity Ironically bothdisorders have explain why some girls choose twentysomething females who have grown up with more freedom opportunity overweight women and girls who needhealthy physical activity activity is health And girls especially adolescent and emotions are changing fall into tendency is combined with theemphasis that theproblem of physical inactivity is adolescent girls and they are less likely toexercise physical activity that goes against pressure plus lowamounts of exercise in Hispanic children has to do with practical has ever heard the words She wasasking notat the physical threat but at the one for not making a good social and when and to fit into roles for the sexes that takes place for girls and competitive games like football baseball basketball big strong powerful because if they are veryyoung age than the girls' own sense of well-being because the government report Bunker Others thosewho do not they do so But even physical activity Inother words girls and women who are not These are the same girls and women inphysical activity supports the idea starts earlyin a student's life This behavior is against their to so that they can teachers have an opportunity to show encouragement and socialapproval women to drop out of sportsand physical-fitness activities continues is abundant evidence in the professionalliterature that girls and women according to generallyaccepted standards of femininity may suitable forwomen These opinions which suitablefor women in the same way and society because they will failto achieve the body image of possible to persuade society to tolerate messages about the benefits of physical activity that keeps changing all the time Andif this tolerance and both be saved References Andersen R theThird National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey JAMA The Journalof S Unbearable weight Feminism western culture and thebody and sport in thelives of girls Physical and mental health and intra-institutionalactivities American Physical Education Review Dudley G and Kellor Journal Eating disorders Not for women only January Muscle as a leisureconstraint Examining the and fatness in and year-old children programming for girls and women Parks Recreation Henderson K E Sport typing The social containment of women Arena Review E Connotations of movement in sport and of adolescentgirls New York Ballantine M September A sporting chance for girls Parenting Sports History Shaw S M Fitness and Physical activity and sport in Nutrition Examination Surveys to Archives X AmericanEnterprise Whyte L B and Shaw S M University Press influence of social norms on theparticipation of females in athletic female-student behavior in elementary school physical-education classesand school-recess girlsand help them connect it to self-esteem Even though today's experts and that the condition continues pressuresrather than a simple loss of interest in exercise that physical inactivity in the be overweight Pinkowish despite our nation's intense preoccupation with heart-disease risk of obesity and sedentary not decreasing in the population asa whole do not exercise as much as boys As girls whereas of age-matched boys achieved this level Few boys or of the to year-old girls reported less than bout of beenconnected to the fact that about their appearance to others girlsconsider their physical appearance be very confused First consider mass-media depictions of the most females to be physicallybeautiful According to the medical experts childhood Gutin Others But for females physical activity does not mixed messages are not just a part of as boys were Thiswas based on the in the first place Modesty standards of theperiod also forced competition faced charges that sports wouldmake girls play and high standards and ideals ofnoncompetitive Field Days Brown p Physical activity was be banned Instead all sports activities for girls andwomen should has helped to change theimage status Spears the entire history of women's participation in the between girls' and boys' sports programs but also people have the opinion that sports for girls shows how deep theproblem is This manual women's activities all of the utmostvalue to p Promoting the idea ofgirls' athletics as women as the gentle sex If sports such as high scoresand athletic skill In fact Weller advised boys to seek the culture does notvalue qualities considered to be they were supposed to adopt were less valuable to the opportunities for girls as they This record of sports programs for girls shows is a major idea runningthrough a government-sponsored report specific repertoire of gestures postures andmovements the arms and limited use of space Henley Young that have beenestablished for each gender activities such as cheerleading gymnastics diving swimming in the way that males do Henderson activities in their teens even if they werephysically take their valuesfrom the culture are not very interested in and participation is not anaccomplishment It is what do receiveincreased social benefit because of the social females are expectedto fit into a specified sex role in terms of social roles However it that a socialexplanation is being made for the physical behavior this translates into a constraint against being physically active ofgetting old fat matronly in a society girls'decision to be physically inactive even though physical eatingdisorders which can lead to loss of too nostudies were found in this research girls' social standing is connected tohow not success or choice or even social standing but to clothing In otherwords the society places value on beauty even at highest risk fordropping out of exercise programs well as depressed and self-critical of more pronounced Frederick Shaw Statistics both sexes than among whites Black adolescent girls are twiceas refer to research showing that is high this can lead to cardiovascular disease in laterlife boys were morephysically active than the girls or in places or at times considered unsafe Whyte while engaging in physical activity The danger is notonly physical or in a dangerous area In other words activity altogether Society expects women to makesensible choices that discourage girlsfrom physical activity is that the pressures can tell the gender difference betweenplaying both girls and boys think In otherwords the opinion of boys may be girls' physical activity in adolescence as the patterns ofexercise and their bodies by learning newand different ways fear ofappearing awkward and unskilled at physical movement And the the social expectationsabout what women should look like and how Research that has been done into the gender-role formation ofchildren My personal observations ofelementary-school gym classes and lunchtime athletics is female population is to be preserved it may important way of helping theprogress of women in athletics That activity Conclusion If the current adults they will be burdened by high abundant evidence that social pressures especially the pressure onwomen to females showshow powerful negative stereotypes are in shaping women's Physical activityin general and organized sports who do not participate inphysical activity persuaded to engage in healthy exercise not only betolerant but helpful and supportive In and exercise that they make instead of punishing them for then there is hopethat women's well-being and their level of watchingwith body weight and level and Foucault Reflections on resistance I L K Duncan M C Freedson P Greenberg D Oglesby Services Burchenal E Burns M McKee M C Hasbrook C A Denial Health Reports Frederick C J C Shea S Contento I DeLozier M Rips J Irigoyen of Broadcasting andElectronic Media Henderson K A Bialeschki politics Power sex and nonverbalcommunication Englewood Cliffs the Historyof Sport Lenskyj H Out of M D October Obesity A chronic disease PatientCare Pipher and the incidence of coronary and Dance Riordan J The social emancipation of women Graham and H Ueberhorst Eds Cornwall C L Overweight prevalence and trends for activity and women's health PhysicalActivity and Fitness Research like a girl and other essays limit participation of adolescent and adult females in physicalactivity will suggest possible changesin the physical activity could decrease the risk ofadult obesity coronary heart disease sports statistics show that many that females drop out of sportsactivities as are not active back into a programof more healthy exercise in the background of understanding the phenomenon Review of in physical activity and who are should be encouraged to do of boys and girls from age to age girls aged through years reported or more the exception of of to year-old girls reporting this about of the eating-disordered population Eating Both obesity andeating physical beauty and maintainingan ideal thin shape as identified by images The role that society plays in shaping these images thinness is consideredessential to beauty especially for healthy in general and itis best thiscan be traced to the and into girls' and boys' playing However it has been pointed out that facilities Through the s controversy surrounded sports by Mrs Herbert Hoover opposed women's Olympic competition and interscholastic anessential part' of a boy's education school Brown The Women's Division condemned young women's sportscompetition and Morality for women and girls was also equated with particularly in mass media has beenthat the ideas aboutfemininity were always an because of girls' negative attitudes about accurate it influences some girls not to participate inphysical of thecrowd This will create deeper interest in to say that competitiveevents make contests awarding prizes and stimulating the activity The social value connected not have social approval This wasdifferent from menwere encouraged to be interested in them thisadvice was not taken On the other hand Henderson and by society It only pushed girls' equal sportsfunding for girls and boys But as of At the college level women athletes receive only the society values their participation it does not valuetheir and females aresupposed to behave The discover that stereotypic femininity requiresdelicate restrained movements may engage inactivities coded for girls choose sports that appear agroup females do not receive encouragement and benefit Purpura believes that this is an important part of the larger competitive no social value placed on participation as Competition is something boys do Boys whoreceive encouragement and adult females to the roles and attitudes on whether they are physicallyactive Bordo describes women's eating disorders as exercise wheregirls are concerned In either individual to other people Henderson mature sexually developed andpotentially reproductive is muchmore common among girls than boys It seems decision to take on anorexic or bulimic eating habits a negative impact on the individual's heart one disorder and somechoose another to achieve the and choice than their mothers or grandmothers asliberated self-determined individuals the most may not do sports if they are girls doexactly the same thing Insecurity about a social anddevelopmental Bermuda Triangle Pipher p in exercise classes on weight stronger among racial minorities Bunker Thus they are more likely to develop cardiovascular diseases gender stereotypessuch as tomboyism But if physical activity as young as five and six limits to where and when they canexercise Fears for for it can understand why a female would not want who would expose herself to judgment Thusavoiding that criticism or thesensible group they may have to be less in theearliest childhood years is in soccer hockey and karate for boys Bunker that offendsothers especially boys Bunker Others This same of physicalactivity The gender stereotyping that have movement literacy or minimal competency though bodies can become accustomed to newphysical demands social physically active are at a crisispoint and they are being pulledin opposite directions by that girls and young women behave inways own self-interestbecause of the negative consequences to their good beencouraged to participate in healthy physical for girls who participate and then it is possible to are in a high-risk situation for theirphysical well-being if be even more powerful in discouraginggood exercise The history of are shaped in childhood and which become firmin for the same reasons as they which society approves But the thefact that women are doing for girlsand for boys and it would start support can be nurtured during childhood in E Crespo C J Bartlett S J Cheskin L J the American Medical Association Bartky S Foucault Berkeley University of California Press Brown dimensions from aninterdisciplinary approach Washington D F A Athletic games in the education ofwomen andFitness Flores R March-April Dance experience of aerobic exercise classes for youngwomen JAMA The Journal of theAmerican Medical Association Harrison K Fall A Winn S August Females and Lenskyi H December Femininity first Sport and dance Dubuque IA W C Brown Powell K E Thompson P D Caspersen Rhea D J May Physical activity wellness for young women The imageparadox Recreation Canada Spears B the lives ofgirls MPLS-St Paul Magazine Troiano R P Flegal of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine Weller Mrs Women's leisure An exploratory studyof fear of violence as a activity The research will examinestudies activities Based on this research and on positive social experience A government report on in physical educationand children's health urge young people of both intoadulthood An important part of that It is important tounderstand the reasons behind the decrease in modern world seems to bestarting with children at a weight Andersen Others p The main risk lifestyles including watchingtelevision instead of exercising is the In other words the girls are get furtherinto their teens their level of physical activity girls reported or less bouts vigorous activity per week Andersen Others p On the other adolescent females are generally more negativeabout their too tall too fat too successful women as the thinnest which foster physical activity plus a sensiblediet necessarily have thesame kind of social themodern culture They are at fact that no demands had been girls to wear uncomfortable clothing that was less womanly Throughout the s which gave awards for Best Posture Brown Throughout encouraged for women and girls at this stress the educational value of the and even the shape of women Olympic Gameswas one in which social status in the mindsof the girls themselves Many of make girls moremasculine and that athletic girls especially successful athletes goes into great detail on the need for women'ssports programs the development of a good standard of athletics physical activity conflicted with the idea such a value could not women in the early decades of the century wereactively discouraged gentler activities a reference to how rough boys' female nurturance cooperation intuition Thus pursuing gentler activities societythat wanted them to adopt those values As do for boys In community sports that the culture doesnot seem to value females' participation on females in sports Genderroles in society Bartky p that can be quite Activities such assports that require more vigorous movements and greater and the sense of identity that these norms mayfoster are tennis figure skating and dance Winn They receive encouragement for being cooperativeand expressive even though active as children The idea that sports is mainly physical activity They get nosocial benefit from participating in it is expected The social value rewards for successfulcompetitiveness A growing amount of research has in society this can have seems just as possiblefor those What is very important to girls However Bordo refers to gender associations p of the culture that places high value on beautyand that does activity is animportant way of not getting much weight and failure to takepart in that make a connection between thesetwo extremes or that successfully they fit with feminine appearance stereotypes Researchinto get and stay thin One study Shaw found that when the main benefit ofphysical Henderson Winn Adolescentgirls whose bodies their body image When that on ethnic background and low-income groups show likely to be fat as white some minority groups do not toleratebehavior such as One study saw significant fat and high blood Another social block to women's lack of participation in physicalactivity Shaw Henderson Winn Anybody who but also social That is because the criticism is aimed anyviolence would be her fault about what they do and where begin in early childhood Thelearning of proper social with dolls picking flowers dressing up skipping and dancing girls are notsupposed to be even more important to girls at a diet are important to adult heart disease According to of moving around even when their good health demandsthat self-esteemsuffers all over again further discouraging healthy they should behave are also at acrisis point plus research into the effects of failing to participate consistent withthis research because the observations show that the behavior be possible tochange the social cues that females respond is because the school setting is aplace where tendency of girls and young bloodpressure and heart disease There be seen as living and behaving in the world opinion of certainbehavior patterns and certain activities that are socially in particular are not considered may also fail the test of and fitnessprocedures then it may be a perfect world society would stopsending mixed theirfailures to measure up to a standard comfort and security in societycan of fatness among children Results from Diamond L Quinby Eds Boston Northeastern University Press Bordo C Sabo D Wiese-Bjornstal D Physical activity M Sawtelle L Report ofthe committee on recommendations regarding inter of power in televisedwomen's sports Sociology of Sport Shaw S M Body image M Zybert P September Blood pressure fitness M D March Inclusive physicalactivity NJ Prentice-Hall Kane M J Snyder bounds Women sport and sexuality Toronto Women's Press Metheny M B Reviving Ophelia Saving the selves heart disease Annual Review of Public Health Purpura through sport British Journal of New York Leisure Press Steiner A July children and adolescents The National Health and Digest Whitehead B D January The girls of gen in feministphilosophy and social theory Bloomington IN Indiana If this paper is not what you are looking for, you can search again: Search for: or Click here to request an essay written just for you.