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PSYCHOMOTOR STIMULANTS.   Term Paper ID:28222 Click to get this paper Essay Subject: Focus on amphetamine use & abuse. Effects on body.... More... 4 Pages / 900 Words 1 sources, 10 Citations, APA Format $16.00 Return to List of Papers Paper Abstract: Focus on amphetamine use & abuse. Effects on body. Paper Introduction: Psychomotor stimulants include amphetamine and methylphenidate and both are used recreationally as well as clinically. Among their street names are uppers, speed, meth, and crystal. These drugs enhance self-confidence and provide a sense of well-being. Amphetamine and structurally related drugs, unlike most stimulants, produce tolerance. Withdrawal after occasional use produces only mild sleep disorders. But withdrawal after bingeing produces a pattern of depression, anxiety, and agitation that leads to a craving for sleep followed by a period of very low mental and physical energy that can endure for weeks. Moderate use of orally administered stimulants produces insomnia and irritability. Intravenous, high-dosage use of these drugs, however, "leads to a psychotic state almost indistinguishable Text of the Paper: The entire text of the paper is shown below. However, the text is somewhat scrambled. We want to give you as much information as we possibly can about our papers and essays, but we cannot give them away for free. In the text below you will find that while disordered, many of the phrases are essentially intact. From this text you will be able to get a solid sense of the writing style, the concepts addressed, and the sources used in the research paper. sense of well-being Amphetamine and structurally related drugs unlike of very low mental and physical energy that Leavitt p Amphetamine abuse may also damageneurons that contain dopamine psychotherapy and behaviormodification but no pharmacological antagonists pleasurable effects although heavy amphetamine abusers mayalso attempts to treat the underlying psychopathologyas a means of also be pertinent for stimulant abusers since itunderstands well with certain disorders that accompany in suchinstances p Because the treatment of stimulant heavy amphetamine abuse is self-limiting ofchildbearing age are found to ingest during pregnancy is the major preventable cause of theseproblems produced the greatest effect yet stimulantsadministered immediately prior to retesting hurry Although it hasbeen found to aid learning in immediate theconditions are changed p The use is counterproductive Stereotyped or compulsive behaviors havebeen found to result phrases p Amphetamine and the amphetamine report that the drug increasesboth sexual of amphetamine and otherstimulants produces highly with nonhuman animals the subjects havebeen found to thisresearch for human subjects is uncertain of sleep is commonreason for of insomnia duringand after withdrawal by intravenous users who employ streetnames are uppers speed meth and crystal pattern ofdepression anxiety and agitation that leads of these drugs however leads to dangers of infection Psychomotor stimulants produce little of abusers of psychomotor stimulants Theircontinued use of The self-medication model stresses theexistence of another primary mental disorder may involve psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy depending on to alter social environments orcoping responses to abusers does not respond well to psychotherapy andenvironmental in order to balancetheir approach to the individual central nervoussystem toxicity As with stillbirths and infant anomalies are not including amphetamine demonstrated that the drugscould facilitate performance of the p Amphetamine is sometimes used by people who learned under certaincircumstances such as remain alert and notlose momentum or ideas But chronic high-dose use and it features attention to dull routine tasks it reduces leads its users to sexual experimentation Researchers of aggressive and violent behavior But numerousresearchers have also however produces a higher likelihood that these subjectswill reduce the desire for sleep withdrawal for low-dose users And sleep patternscan Psychomotor stimulants include amphetamine and methylphenidate andboth are most stimulants produce tolerance Withdrawal after occasional use produces can endurefor weeks Moderate use of orally administered stimulants In addition the intravenous use or deterrents are employed Both the learning feel an aversion toward the unpleasant withdrawal symptoms reducing the desire to repeat the use of drug abuse as resulting from stimulantabuse but as Leavitt notes abusers willinvolve numerous non-pharmacological factors therapists will undoubtedlydevelop and tends tolast no longer stimulants during pregnancy Althoughthe direct links between Leavitt p Animal tests in also aided recall This meansthat stimulants must affect circumstances the knowledgeacquired cannot be readily accessed at a later of stimulants to sustain a person during a period from high doses of amphetamine in animal tests and stimulants relatedto it are also unlikely to drive and sexual aggressiveness Leavitt enhanced sexual pleasure High-dose intravenous chronic develop timidity when given amphetamine When threatenedsuch subjects tend but overall the relationship ofthe drugs to violence and aggression the occasional abuse of amphetamine heavier doses ReferenceLeavitt F Drugs and behavior rd These drugs enhance self-confidence and provide a to a craving for sleepfollowed by a period a psychotic state almost indistinguishable from paranoidschizophrenia or no physical dependence andtreatment for abuse therefore involves the drugs depends almost entirely on the desire torecreate their or psychological deficit inthe user and the therapist the nature of the underlying problems The social model may environmental stressors Leavitt p Psychotherapy may work change may be the most promising alternative abuser's array of problems It should benoted as well that many other recreational drugs high numbers of women well understood the use of drugs tasks Drugs that were administeredimmediately after training areanxious to learn a particular set of material in a drug states do not transfer well when regular use of stimulants as aids tocreativity elements of compulsivity such as repetition ofsingle words and effectiveness whensolutions require new perspectives p Recreational users of have reported that intravenous use found that low doses promote friendliness andcooperative behavior In research attack than is found in control animals The implications of andprevent sleep in many cases Indeed the prevention be seriously disturbed including the development used recreationally as well as clinically Among their only mildsleep disorders But withdrawal after bingeing produces a producesinsomnia and irritability Intravenous high-dosage use ofpsychomotor stimulants presents the usual model and the self-medication model can be effectiveapproaches to treatment if theyhave experienced them previously the drug Leavitt p This environmental cultural social peer or family influences and seeks antisocial personality disorder commonlyfound among drug combinations of aspects of these various models than ten years perhaps because it produces most drugs and spontaneous abortions miscarriages which subjects were trained in tasks and then givenvarious stimulants memory retrieval as well as consolidation Leavitt time This is called state-dependent learning which means that responses ofcreativity may be helpful if they allow him her to inhuman beings amphetamine psychosis inevitably appears during enhance creativity because while their useimproves p Thedrug increases self-confidence while reducing inhibitions and thiscombination sometimes amphetamine use has been shown toproduce many cases to try to escape or assume defensive postures Repeatedconfrontation is little studied Use of psychomotor stimulants can Sleep disturbances are aneffect of amphetamine ed Thousand Oaks CA Sage sense of well-being Amphetamine and structurally related drugs unlike of very low mental and physical energy that Leavitt p Amphetamine abuse may also damageneurons that contain dopamine psychotherapy and behaviormodification but no pharmacological antagonists pleasurable effects although heavy amphetamine abusers mayalso attempts to treat the underlying psychopathologyas a means of also be pertinent for stimulant abusers since itunderstands well with certain disorders that accompany in suchinstances p Because the treatment of stimulant heavy amphetamine abuse is self-limiting ofchildbearing age are found to ingest during pregnancy is the major preventable cause of theseproblems produced the greatest effect yet stimulantsadministered immediately prior to retesting hurry Although it hasbeen found to aid learning in immediate theconditions are changed p The use is counterproductive Stereotyped or compulsive behaviors havebeen found to result phrases p Amphetamine and the amphetamine report that the drug increasesboth sexual of amphetamine and otherstimulants produces highly with nonhuman animals the subjects havebeen found to thisresearch for human subjects is uncertain of sleep is commonreason for of insomnia duringand after withdrawal by intravenous users who employ streetnames are uppers speed meth and crystal pattern ofdepression anxiety and agitation that leads of these drugs however leads to dangers of infection Psychomotor stimulants produce little of abusers of psychomotor stimulants Theircontinued use of The self-medication model stresses theexistence of another primary mental disorder may involve psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy depending on to alter social environments orcoping responses to abusers does not respond well to psychotherapy andenvironmental in order to balancetheir approach to the individual central nervoussystem toxicity As with stillbirths and infant anomalies are not including amphetamine demonstrated that the drugscould facilitate performance of the p Amphetamine is sometimes used by people who learned under certaincircumstances such as remain alert and notlose momentum or ideas But chronic high-dose use and it features attention to dull routine tasks it reduces leads its users to sexual experimentation Researchers of aggressive and violent behavior But numerousresearchers have also however produces a higher likelihood that these subjectswill reduce the desire for sleep withdrawal for low-dose users And 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